Acinetobacter baumannii is a species of pathogenic bacteria, referred to as an aerobic gramnegative bacterium, which is resistant to most antibiotics. This organism is widely distributed in nature and in. Mar 29, 2019 how to prevent acinetobacter infection. Following their traditional role, the two component systems tcss present in a. Acinetobacter baumannii simple english wikipedia, the free. It can be an opportunistic pathogen in humans, affecting people with compromised immune systems, and is becoming increasingly important as a hospitalderived infection. Other transmission is more difficult to halt, requiring cohorting of patients, dedicated staff assignments, active. The aims of this study were to examine factors associated with hais caused by antimicrobialresistant as compared with antimicrobialsusceptible strains of a. Treatment of infections due to this organism with colistin, a lastresort antibiotic of the polymyxin class, can result in the emergence of colistinresistant strains. Acinetobacter baumannii is a typically short, almost round, rodshaped coccobacillus gramnegative bacterium. This lesson will cover some of the causes and symptoms of an a. Multidrugresistant forms of the gramnegative pathogen acinetobacter baumannii are an emerging threat to human health and further complicate the general problem of treating serious bacterial infections. Acinetobacter species can ferment glucose and thus do not belong to the socalled non fermenters772017 dr.
Acinetobacter baumannii infection what you need to know. Wholegenomesequencebased characterization of extensively. In vitro activity of tigecycline against clinical isolates of. Acinetobacter baumannii can cause serious healthcareassociated infections hais and the incidence is increasing, with many strains now resistant to multiple antibiotic classes. You may not know that you have an acinetobacter infection until you get sick with one of the following. The chart showing pdf series, html series, scan qr codes html series. Clinical antibioticresistant acinetobacter baumannii strains. Acinetobacter baumannii complex has been shown to cause ventilatorassociated pneumonia and bloodstream infections. Jul 07, 2017 therefore, four genomospecies were summarized for acinetobacter baumannii acinetobacter calcoaceticus complex. Increasing antimicrobial resistance among acinetobacter isolates has been documented, although definitions of multidrug resistance vary in the li. Pdf acinetobacter strains are important pathogens due to the diversity of their reservoirs, capacity to accumulate mechanisms.
Our report describes the investigation and restriction of an outbreak of a. Iwen, phd, associate director, nphl acinetobacter baumannii is considered the most common oxidasenegative nonfermenting gramnegative rod encounter in the clinical laboratory 1. Acinetobacter baumannii is emerging as a leading global multipleantibioticresistant nosocomial pathogen. Acinetobacter baumannii is a gramnegative coccobacillus that has been listed as the most important pathogen in hospitals 1. Mlst of acinetobacter baumannii complex oxford scheme. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen or coloniser of hospitalised patients. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus acinetobacter baumannii complex. Risk factors for hospitalacquired antimicrobialresistant. The acinetobacter baumannii complex mlst scheme uses fragments of the following seven housekeeping genes. Citrate synthase glta dna gyrase subunit b gyrb glucose dehydrogenase b gdhb homologous recombination factor reca 60kda chaperonin cpn60 glucose6phosphate.
Treatment of acinetobacter infections clinical infectious. This study aimed at investigating and characterizing a crab outbreak at a large tertiary hospital in lebanon. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with hospitalacquired infections. The study included 27 nonduplicate multidrugresistant a.
Multidrugresistant acinetobacter baumannii is recognized to be among the most difficult antimicrobialresistant gramnegative bacilli to control and treat. Background the emergence of multidrug or extensively drugresistant acinetobacter baumannii has made it difficult to treat and control infections caused by this bacterium. Acinetobacter are coccobacilli and can resemble neisseria species by gram stain. The acinetobacter superbug can cause diseases such as pneumonia and meningitis. Most of the isolates were obtained from rectal swabs of colonised patients during routine screening, whereas a minority of the clinical specimens comprised samples of urine, exudative skin specimens, and lower respiratory tract secretions table 1. While there are many types or species of acinetobacter, and all can cause human disease, acinetobacter baumannii boemaaneeie accounts for about 80% of reported infections. Using transposondirected insertionsite sequencing tradis, we identified a. Identification and characterization of capsule depolymerase. Crystal structure of the complex of dhdps from acinetobacter baumannii with pyruvate at 1. Acinetobacter baumannii ab prevention solutions designed. Acinetobacter baumannii can cause serious and sometimes lifethreatening infections. Clinical antibioticresistant acinetobacter baumannii. May 01, 2012 acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with hospitalacquired infections.
Jul 07, 2016 pronounced asineetoebakter boemaaneeie acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen, belonging to the acinetobacter group of bacteria. The four species that show similar phenotypes were grouped together as acinetobacter calcoaceticus a. Acinetobacter baumannii an overview sciencedirect topics. In the context of this chapter, the term acinetobacter species refers specifically to acinetobacter baumannii and acinetobacter baumannii calcoaceticus complex. Signal transduction proteins in acinetobacter baumannii.
Acinetobacter baumannii is gaining importance as a cause of nosocomial infections, but its role in skin and soft tissue infection ssti is not well defined. Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterium that can cause a range of diseases. Acinetobacter haemolyticus, acinetobacter johnsonii, acinetobacter lwoffii and acinetobacter ursingii are sporadically observed as nosocomial pathogens. It has the ability to survive on environmental surfaces for months, making transmission difficult to control. Acinetobacter baumannii is emerging infectious diseases resistant to several antibiotics early diagnosis and optimal treatment can reduce morbidity and mortali. Acinetobacter lwoffii is a known skin colonizer but has been found to cause bacteremia in hospitalized patients. Colistin resistance primarily occurs via modifications of the terminal phosphate moieties of lipopolysaccharidederived. Molecular epidemiology and clinical impact of acinetobacter. Antimicrobial susceptibility of acinetobacter baumannii. A prospective study of acinetobacter baumannii complex. Acinetobacter represents a group of bacteria which are commonly found in the soil and water of most countries. Acinetobacter baumanniiassociated skin and soft tissue.
Pdf acinetobacter baumannii efflux pumps and antibiotic. Control of acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in the neonatal. The epidemiology and control of acinetobacter baumannii in health care facilities. Pneumonia, critically ill patients, antimicrobials, drugresistant, acinetobacter baumannii, network. Pdf acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with hospitalacquired infections.
Antimicrobials for the treatment of drugresistant acinetobacter. Acinetobacter pittii is a gramnegative, oxidasenegative, catalasepositive, strictly aerobic, nonmotile bacterium from the genus acinetobacter. Isolation and identification of acinetobacter baumannii. Risk factors of mortality in patients with carbapenemresistant. Acinetobacter spp aspectos microbiologicos, clinicos y. While all acinetobacter bacteria can cause disease in people, the baumannii strain is. Antimicrobial susceptibility of acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospital patients wanutsanun tunyapanit a. Acinetobacter species, and sequencing of the rpob gene, al though very promising, awaits further. Characteristics of multidrugresistant acinetobacter. The presence of multidrug resistant acinetobacter baumannii raises a big therapeutic. Acinetobacter baumannii remains an important and difficulttotreat pathogen whose resistance patterns result in significant challenges for the clinician. Most commonly found in soil, water and on the skin, it can cause lung, blood and brain infections, as well as urinary tract and wound infections. Molecular methods used to identify and classify acinetobacter are listed in etable 3152. Pdf acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with.
The acinetobacter calcoaceticusacinetobacter baumannii complex ab complex consists of four genotypically distinct, but phenotypically very similar, bacterial. What problems can an acinetobacter baumannii infection cause. A full list of acinetobacter species is provided in etable 3151. A total of 41 isolates were collected and analyzed using pulsedfield gel electrophoresis pfge. Unlike the enterobacteriaceae, some acinetobacter species outside the a. Antibiotic susceptibility and molecular epidemiology of acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii complex strains isolated from a referral hospital in northern vietnam. In the present study, phenotypic and molecular methods have been used to determine the taxonomic position of a group of 12 genotypically distinct strains belonging to the acinetobacter calcoaceticus acinetobacter baumannii acb complex, initially. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the acinetobacter calcoaceticusacinetobacter baumannii complex with the proposal of acinetobacter pittii sp. Acinetobacter baumannii complex has been shown to cause. In vitro activity of tigecycline against clinical isolates. Mlst of acinetobacter baumannii complex oxford scheme genes. It is urgently necessary to search for alternatives to conventional antibiotics for control of severe a.
Acinetobacter baumannii genes required for bacterial. Mar 14, 2010 acinetobacter baumannii is emerging infectious diseases resistant to several antibiotics early diagnosis and optimal treatment can reduce morbidity and mortali. Acinetobacter baumannii, efflux pumps, antibiotic resistance, biofilm, transporters. Jul 24, 2017 antibioticresistant acinetobacter baumannii is associated with nosocomial infections worldwide. As a result of its resistance to drug treatment, some estimates state the disease is killing tens of thousands of u. As with most bacterial diseases, those with a weakened immune system are most. Acinetobacter baumannii is a strain of bacteria commonly found on the skin. The recent advances in bacterial species identification methods have led to the rapid taxonomic diversification of the genus acinetobacter.
Of 2309 identified acinetobacter calcoaceticusbaumannii complex. Research multidrugresistant acinetobacter baumannii. May 22, 2019 acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging pathogen capable of causing hospitalacquired infections hais. Acinetobacter baumannii is a prevalent nosocomial pathogen with a high incidence of multidrug resistance. The identity of genes essential for pathogenesis in a mammalian host remains largely unknown.